32^nd International Congress on Prevention of Diabetes and Complications November 01-02, 2021 Paris, France

Track 01: Complications associated with Diabetes

The term diabetes mellitus describes several diseases of abnormal carbohydrate metabolism that are characterized by hyperglycaemia. It is associated with a relative or absolute impairment in insulin secretion, along with varying degrees of peripheral resistance to the action of insulin. They are derived after doing many clinical trials on animal models. Every few years, the diabetes community revaluates the current recommendations for the classification, diagnosis, and screening of diabetes, reflecting new information from research and clinical practice which in turns help in understanding current prevention and treatment options and cost effectiveness in treatment and prevention of Diabetes. People with type1 and type2 diabetes have an increased risk of developing a number of serious health problems. Consistently high blood glucose levels can lead to serious diseases affecting the Macro vascular and micro vascular complications. In addition, people with diabetes also have a higher risk of developing infections. In almost all high-income countries, diabetes is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease, blindness, kidney failure, and lower limb amputation. Maintaining blood glucose levels, blood pressure, and cholesterol at or close to normal can help delay or prevent diabetes complications. Hypoglycaemia and Hyperglycaemia are the other two factors are the two major complications of diabetes where hyperglycaemia is an acute complication sharing many symptoms and hypoglycaemia is an acute complication of several diabetes treatments. Glycosylated haemoglobin is a form of haemoglobin that is measured primarily to identify the average plasma glucose concentration over prolonged periods of time.

• Type 1 diabetes
• Type 2 diabetes
• Hypoglycaemia
• Hyperglycaemia
• Macro vascular complications
• Micro vascular complications
• Cardiovascular disease 

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Track 02: Genetics of Diabetes

Diabetes constitutes a major public health problem. Although substantial progress has been made in defining the genetics of metabolic syndrome risk for specific subtypes of diabetes (e.g., maturity-onset diabetes of the young), the majority of genetic risk of diabetes (for type 1 and type 2) remain unresolved. This review focuses on the current knowledge of the genetic basis of diabetes and its complications, specifically diabetic nephropathy (DN), recent advances in genetics of diabetes, diabetes in ethnic groups, genetic lifestyle interactions and understanding the genetics of Diabetes. Ultimately, identification of genes that contribute to risk (or protection) of diabetes and its complications will allow identification of patients who have diabetes and are at risk and targeted treatment/interventional strategies. Diabetic amyotrophic is a disabling illness that is distinct from other forms of diabetic neuropathy.

• Type 1 diabetes
• Type 2 diabetes
• Diabetic nephropathy
• Diabetic amyotrophic 
• Denetics of diabetes

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Track 03: Advanced Technologies for the Treatment of Diabetes

The concept of 'new technologies' for type 1 diabetes and new discovery and advanced type 2 diabetes treatment has expanded in recent years at a rate that some might consider comparable to 'Moore’s Law', and the sheer number of new technologies entering into the type 1 diabetes marketplace is also growing at a remarkable rate. From the patient’s perspective, this is not only exciting but can lead to a sense of optimism. Technologies that today are growing commonplace (e.g. insulin pumps, rapid HbA1c monitoring, etc come under new therapeutic mechanisms of diabetes. Indeed, it could be argued that the major advances in type 1 diabetes care made within the last quarter of a century have come from technology rather than biology. At the same time, not all new technologies succeed (e.g. the Glucowatch), regardless of their purported promise. Both type 1 diabetes patients and their healthcare providers will soon see a series of further advanced medical technologies used in hospital and new technologies and novel therapies in diabetes treatment whose basis is tied to the notion of improving the lives of those with the disease.

• Insulin pumps
• Glucowatch
• HbA1c monitoring
• Advanced medical technologies

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Track 04: Diabetes Management

The main goal of diabetes management is, as far as possible, to restore carbohydrate metabolism to a normal state. To achieve this goal, individuals with an absolute deficiency of insulin require insulin replacement therapy, which is given through injections or an insulin pump. Insulin resistance, in contrast, can be corrected by dietary modifications and exercise. Other goals of diabetes management are to prevent or treat the many complications that can result from the disease itself and from its treatment. Healthy eating is a cornerstone of healthy living — with or without diabetes. But if you have diabetes, you need to know Impact of Food and Nutrition, impact of physical activity and yoga therapy in Diabetes Management. Diabetic foot complications result in huge costs for both society and the individual patients. Few reports on the health-economic consequences of diabetic foot infections have been published. Standards of medical care in Diabetes increased when compared to previous year.

• Carbohydrate metabolism
• Insulin replacement therapy
• Dietary modifications
• Exercise
• Nutrition
• Yoga therapy

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Track 05: Emerging Focus in Diabetes Research

Diabetes is a common chronic disease that imposes considerable demands on the individual healthcare system. People with diabetes have a higher rate of cardiovascular disease than those without diabetes and are at increased risk for kidney failure, lower limb amputation and blindness. Obesity is a significant risk factor for diabetes and the prevalence of obesity in children and adults has dramatically increased in the past four decades. Diabetic dyslipidemia is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease in diabetes mellitus. The characteristic features of diabetic dyslipidemia are a high plasma triglyceride concentration, low HDL cholesterol concentration and increased concentration of small dense LDL-cholesterol particles. In order to investigate the bioinformatics tools and methodologies used to in diabetes research, at first, this was difficult to do because it did not have a preconceived idea about how the research would be organized and how bioinformatics tools would be described or identified in the research. To get started, we ran several cursory searches using basic search terms such as bioinformatics and diabetes (research) through several databases to see what types of articles were returned.  Diabesity can be defined as a metabolic dysfunction that ranges from mild blood sugar imbalance to full-fledged type 2 diabetes. A bolus dose is insulin that is specifically taken at meal times to keep blood glucose levels under control following a meal. 

• Diabetic dyslipidemia
• Cholesterol
• Metabolic dysfunction
• Blood sugar imbalance

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Track 06: Transplantation of Diabetes

Getting a new heart, liver, kidney, lung, or other organ can save your life. Sometimes, it can also lead to type 2 diabetes. Many people can stop taking steroids after 6 months or so. This may solve the problem. If scientists can develop safe immunosuppressant’s that always work, then many people with type 1 diabetes may choose to have pancreas transplants. Until then, many doctors think islet transplants are a better option even after performing clinical trials on islet transplants. Islets are clusters of cells in the pancreas that make insulin. In people with type 1 diabetes, islet cells are destroyed. Only 1-2% of the pancreas is made up of islet cells. In pancreatic islet transplantation, cells are taken from a donor pancreas and transferred into another person. Once implanted, the new islets begin to make and release insulin. Researchers hope that islet transplantation will help people with type 1 diabetes live without daily injections of insulin. A transplant of the pancreas is usually reserved for those with serious complications. Pancreas transplants are most often done when a patient also receives a new kidney. The pancreas transplant adds little further risk in this situation and offers big benefits. However, transplant surgery is risky. Each person needs to carefully weigh the potential benefits and risks. Xenotransplantation for the treatment of type 1 diabetes is the transplantation of living cells, tissues or organs from one species to another. Such cells, tissues or organs are called xenografts or xenotransplants. A bolus dose is insulin that is specifically taken at meal times to keep blood glucose levels under control following a meal. Bolus insulin needs to act quickly and so short acting insulin or rapid acting insulin will be used where as Conventional insulin therapy is a therapeutic regimen for treatment of diabetes mellitus which contrasts with the newer intensive insulin therapy.

• Type 1 diabetes
• Type 2 diabetes
• Islet transplants 
• Pancreas
• Xenotransplantation
• Xenografts
• Xenotransplants

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Track 07: Diabetes Research in Clinical Practice

Novel therapeutic targets available for diabetes includes Incretin based therapies, oral therapeutic agents like secretagogues, beta cell regeneration & proliferation and stem cell therapies. Embryonic stem cell and fetal precursor cell transplantation therapies are the major stem cell therapies available for Diabetes. Apart from the above, various computational approaches in Diabetes management control have been introduced recently which are playing an important role in identification of genes causing diabetes helping in Early Detection of Diabetes. These processes are also useful in studying the chemical etiologies of Diabetes uncovering various treatment prospects and model construction processes for survival prediction.

• Incretin
• Secretagogues
• Beta cell regeneration
• Stem cell therapies

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Track 08: Computational Biology of Diabetes

Computational meta-analysis can link environmental chemicals to genes and proteins involved in human diseases, thereby elucidating possible aetiologies. The recent rapid development of a variety of analytical platforms based on mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance have enabled identification of complex metabolic Syndrome phenotypes. Continued development of bioinformatics and analytical strategies has facilitated the discovery of causal links in understanding the pathophysiology of diabetes and its complications.

• Atiologies
• Spectrometry
• Syndrome phenotypes
• Bioinformatics
• Pathophysiology

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Track 09:  Risk Factors and Related Diseases of Diabetes

Diabetes is always accompanied by a number of serious health issues. Consistent increase in blood glucose levels can lead to serious diseases affecting the vital organs of body like heart and blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, nerves and teeth. In almost all high-income countries, diabetes is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease like diabetic cardiomyopathy being one of the major risk factor, blindness, kidney failure, and lower limb amputation. Diabetic Retinopathy causes progressive damage to the retina in the patients with diabetes adding as the most vulnerable risk for the patient. Maintaining blood glucose levels, blood pressure, diabetic gastro paresis which has been reported to have the main cause as Diabetes Mellitus and cholesterol at or close to normal can help delay or prevent diabetes complications. 

• Blood glucose levels
• Cardiovascular disease
• Diabetic cardiomyopathy 
• Kidney failure
• Diabetic Retinopathy 
• Diabetes Mellitus  
• Cholesterol

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Track 10: Endocrinology: Disorders and Treatment

Endocrinology is the study of hormones and the treatment of hormone based diseases. The endocrine glands produce chemicals called hormones. These hormones are released into the blood stream and exert their action by stimulating other organs in the body. However, Clinical trials on endocrinology look at new ways to prevent, detect, or treat disease. The major endocrine glands are the thyroid, pancreas, parathyroid, adrenal, gonad and pituitary. The hormones from these glands regulate growth, metabolism, blood pressure, reproduction as well as many other necessary functions. Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Endocrine Disorders, written by a distinguished panel of clinical experts and research scientists, focuses on the early signs and symptoms of common endocrine diseases, surveys the clinical testing needed for a diagnosis, and concisely presents the best current recommendations for therapy. Paediatric endocrinology is a medical subspecialty that studies and treats conditions affecting physical growth and sexual development in children, as well as diabetes and other disorders of the endocrine (hormone) glands.

• Endocrine Disorders
• Paediatric endocrinology 
• Early Diagnosis and Treatment
• Endocrine (hormone) glands

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“32nd International Congress on Prevention of Diabetes and Complications which is going to be held on November 01-02, 2021 in Paris, France. 

• Diabetes Conferences 2021 invites all Academic Scientists, Leading Endocrinologists, Surgeons, Oncologists, Radiation Therapists, General Physicians, Dieticians, Primary Health care specialists, Internists, Pharmaceutical Industrial Delegates, talented young scientists, and student communities across the globe to attend European Diabetes conference under a single roof where networking and global partnering happens for the acceleration of future research.
• Today’s Market Study of Diabetes in USA | Europe | Middle East | Asia Pacific
• Europe: The number of people living with diabetes in Europe is expected to increase from 52 million in 2014 to 68.9 million by 2035, according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Across Europe, around 1 in 11 adults is affected and this number is set to rise as the population ages.
• USA: Diabetes Mellitus has been growing at an exponential rate and World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the diabetic population is likely to reach 366 million in 2030. The United States is expected to have an increase of 102 per cent in the diabetic epidemic in 2030 when compared to 2000
• Middle East: The rate of diabetes in parts of the Arabian Peninsula is over twice the global average rate, and much higher than some other areas of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). And cases of type-2 diabetes outnumber cases of type-1 diabetes by a ratio of 10:1
• Asia Pacific: The Asia-Pacific Diabetes Care Devices Market has been estimated at USD 2.461 Billion in 2015 and is projected to reach USD 3.518 billion by 2020, at a CAGR of 7.41% during the forecast period from 2015 to 2020
• Diabetes is one of the fastest growing health challenges of the 21st century, with the number of adults living with diabetes having more than tripled over the past 20 years. In 2000, the global estimate of adults living with diabetes was 151 million. By 2009 it had grown by 88% to 285 million. Today, we calculate that 9.3% of adults aged 20–79 years – a staggering 463 million people – are living with diabetes. A further 1.1 million children and adolescents under the age of 20 live with type 1 diabetes. A decade ago, in 2010, the global projection for diabetes in 2025 was 438 million. With over five years still to go, that prediction has already been surpassed by 25 million will be 578 million adults with diabetes by 2030, and 700 million by 2045.
• Type 1 diabetes is caused by an autoimmune reaction in which the body’s immune system attacks the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas. As a result, the body produces very little or no insulin.
• Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes. Initially, hyperglycaemia (high blood glucose levels) is the result of the inability of the body’s cells to respond fully to insulin, a situation termed ‘insulin resistance’.
• Gestational diabetes (GDM) is characterized by high blood glucose levels during pregnancy. It may occur at any time during pregnancy.  Women who experience GDM face an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. In addition, babies born to mothers with GDM also have a higher lifetime risk of obesity and developing type 2 diabetes themselves. This contributes to an intergenerational cycle of obesity and diabetes that seriously impacts the health of the entire population, and the generations to come.
• Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a condition of raised blood glucose levels above the normal range, but below the recommended diabetes diagnostic threshold. The terms ‘prediabetes’ and ‘non-diabetic hyperglycaemia’ are sometimes used as alternatives.
• IGT is important because it:
• • Indicates a risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future;
• • Denotes an already heightened risk of cardiovascular diseases;
• •Offers the opportunity for interventions that can lead to the prevention of type 2 diabetes. The estimated number of adults with IGT, and therefore at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, is 374 million. It is predicted to rise to 454 million by 2030 and to 548 million by 2045.
• Insulin: Launch of generic versions of insulin and extensively growing demand for novel insulin in controlling the blood sugar levels in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes ate factors anticipated to fuel the growth of insulin segment in the market during the forecast period.  In march 2019 Eli Lilly (key player) and company launched Lispro, a generic version of rapid-acting Humalog insulin which shall be available in the US by making it more accessible for diabetic patients.  Additionally, growing investments in research and development by many government organizations and new product launches by many key players are like to boost the diabetes drugs market growth during the forecast period. For example, in 2019 Glenmark launched an oral anti-diabetic drug Remogliflozin in India which is considered as an effective drug treating adults with type-2 diabetes mellitus.
• Growing urbanization and changing lifestyle habits (e.g. higher calorie intake, increasing consumption of processed foods, sedentary lifestyles) are contributory factors for the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes at a societal level. While global prevalence of diabetes in urban areas is 10.8%, in rural areas it is lower, at 7.2%. However, this gap is closing, with rural prevalence on the rise.
• Diabetes increases the risk of early death: Approximately 4.2 million adults will die as a result of diabetes and its complications in 2019. This is equivalent to one death every eight seconds. Globally, 11.3% of deaths are due to diabetes. Almost half of these deaths are in people under 60 years of age. Half of the 463 million adults living with diabetes today are unaware that they have the condition, and are therefore at high risk of developing serious diabetes related complications.
• Economic and social impact: Annual global health expenditure on diabetes is estimated to be at USD 760 billion under direct costs. It is projected that these direct costs will reach USD 825 billion by 2030 and USD 845 billion by 2045. The costs of treating complications account for over 50% of the direct health costs of diabetes. For example, management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a considerable part of the cost to a country’s health system: treatment of a single DKA episode in the United Kingdom costs an estimated GBP 1,387 (around USD 1,750).

Age profile of diabetes

Working age (20-64) 72.0% three in four people living with diabetes (352 million people) are of working age (between 20 and 64 years old). This number is expected to increase to 417 million by 2030 and to 486 million by 2045.

Older people (65+) 27.8% in 2019, the estimated number of people over 65 years of age with diabetes is 111 million. One in five adults in this age group is estimated to have diabetes. It is projected that by 2030 the number of people over 65 with diabetes will further increase to 195 million. By 2045, it will reach 276 million.

Children and adolescents (0–19) 0.2% an estimated 1.1 million children and adolescents (aged under 20) have type 1 diabetes. There is some evidence that type 2 diabetes among children and adolescents is increasing in some countries.

Geographical profile

Age adjusted comparisons - Prevalence of diabetes in adults (20-79 years)

World

             
Europe

South & Central America

Middle East & North Africa

North America & Caribbean

Africa

South-East Asia

Western Pacific

Countries with the highest numbers of people with diabetes (2019) In 2019, the countries with the largest numbers of adults with diabetes are China, India and the United States of America, and are anticipated to remain so until 2030. It is projected that the number of people with diabetes in Pakistan will exceed that in the United States of America by 2045, moving the country to third place.

Low- and middle-income countries: The highest prevalence of diabetes in adults occurs in high-income countries, with an estimated 10.4% of the population having diabetes. The diabetes prevalence is 4% in low-income countries, and 9.5% in middle-income countries.

Improved education at the population-level, strong health systems, and effective policy frameworks are key to adequately address the primary risk factors of type 2 diabetes (such as poor eating habits, obesity and inadequate physical activity) and the high numbers of people living with undiagnosed diabetes

Societies Associated with Diabetes Research:

• Spanish Diabetes Society (Spain)
• FAND - Italian Association of Diabetics
• Italian Association for the Defence of the Interests of Diabetics
• Association of Diabetes
• Association National Italian Diabetic Athletes
• Italian Society of Diabetology
• International Diabetes Federation- Italy
• Primary Care Diabetes Society
• Australian Diabetes Society
• Emirates Diabetes Society
• Society for Biomedical Diabetes Research
• Immunology of Diabetes Society
• American Association of Diabetes Educators
• American Diabetes Association
• The Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes
• International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups
• Diabetes Association of Nigeria
• Association of Children's Diabetes Clinicians
• Canadian Diabetes Association
• Diabetes Australia
• Austrian Diabetes Association
• Flemish Diabetes Association (Belgium
• Association of Juvenile Diabetes (Brazil
• Canadian Diabetes Association
• Juvenile Diabetes Foundation of Chile
• Diabetological Colombian Federation
• Croatian Diabetes Association
• Union of Diabetics of Czech Republic
• Estonian Diabetes Association
• Finnish Diabetes Association
• French Diabetics Association
• German Diabetes Union
• Hellenic Diabetes Association (Greece)
• Hong Kong Diabetes Federation
• Icelandic Diabetic Association
• Diabetic Association of India
• Diabetes Federation of Ireland
• The Diabetes Association (Italy)
• Japan Diabetes Society
• Korean Diabetes Association
• Lithuanian Diabetes Association
• Luxembourg Diabetes Association
• Maltese Diabetes Association (Malta)
• Mexican Diabetes Federation
• Netherlands Diabetes Association
• Diabetes New Zealand
• Norwegian Diabetes Association
• Diabetes Philippines
• Polish Diabetes Association
• Diabetic Association of Portugal
• Diabetic Society of Singapore
• Diabetes South Africa
• Swedish Diabetes Association
• Swiss Diabetes Society
• Diabetes UK