Diabetes and Pregnancy
Diabetes during pregnancy, including preexisting diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), poses risks to both mother and baby. It increases the chances of preeclampsia, preterm birth, macrosomia, and neonatal hypoglycemia. Tight glycemic control before and during pregnancy is essential to reduce complications. Management involves frequent glucose monitoring, tailored nutrition, insulin therapy, and regular fetal assessments. Women with GDM have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. Postpartum screening and lifestyle counseling are vital. Collaborative care between obstetricians, endocrinologists, and dietitians ensures safe outcomes and promotes long-term health for both mother and child.